European Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine

Background: Thyroid gland is unique in having a wide spectrum of lesions and these thyroid lesions are common worldwide. However, the thyroid gland lesions vary in their incidence and histopathological patterns. Hence the present study was undertaken to determine the histopathological pattern of thyroid lesions in tertiary care centre.  Material and methods: Total 250 thyroidectomy specimens received in the Pathology Department during a period from July 2021 to June2023 were included in the study. Detailed information regarding age, gender, clinical status, and relevant investigations like fine needle aspiration cytology, thyroid scan, ultrasound reports and operation findings were obtained from histopathology request forms and register. Percentages and simple frequency tables were used for data analysis. Results: Out of 250 thyroidectomy specimens, 215(86%) were females and 35(14%) were males. The age of patients ranged from 3-75 years, with a mean age of 37.56 years. 195cases (78%) were non-neoplastic and 55 cases (22%) were neoplastic. The most common non-neoplastic lesions were multi-nodular goiter (95cases; 38%) followed by colloid goiter (65 cases; 26%) whereas most common neoplastic lesions were follicular adenoma (20cases;12%) and papillary carcinoma(14cases;5.6%). Conclusion: In our study, majority of thyroid lesions showed a female predominance with most of them occurring in the age group of 31-40 years and most common thyroid lesions were non-neoplastic. Proper diagnostic tools, including clinical history, ultrasonography and proper pathological examination are required for the identification of thyroid malignancy. Diagnosis by histopathological examination is important for the prompt diagnosis and treatment of Neoplastic lesions.