European Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine

Acute liver disease (ALD) or chronic liver diseases (CLD) are the two major comorbidities observed in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and metabolic syndrome (MS). It is well known that, aetiology of liver disease such as hemochromatosis, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are frequently associated with DM. However, in many studies there is no direct relationships between MS and cirrhosis, acute hepatic failure, end-stage liver disease, hence, we tried to investigate the association between diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome (DM/MS) group Vs. non-diabetes and non-metabolic syndrome having ALD and CLD, which might further explore the feasibility of using DM and MS as a prognostic indicator in such patients. Consecutive, age and sex matched ALD (n=31) and CLD (n=62) patients of above 18 years age were included in this study. Patients were categorized into two groups of having diabetes and metabolic syndrome; whose anthropometric, clinical and biochemical details were documented. Further, clinical reports were analyzed to assess the immediate and short-term consequences. Among ALD patients, FBG, HbAlc, ALT values were found significantly higher in DM/MS group (P<0.05). Time to resolution of injury (bilirubin normalization) was found to be significantly higher in DM/MS group (p<0.05). Among CLD patients, high PPBG, HbAlc, TG, LDL, VLDL values were observed in DM/MS group (p<0.05) compared to the nonDM/nonMS group. Higher number of deaths occurred in DM/MS group (n= 6; 28%) in comparison to non DM / non MS group (n=3; 7%)(P>0..05). Overall, patients having DM/MS had high risk of liver disease, mortality and more length of stay in hospital. Patients with DM/MS are at a higher risk of developing severe hepatitis. There is a great impact of DM/MS on development and prognosis of acute as well as chronic liver disease, so, every DM patient must be screened and evaluated for liver injury and its complications.