European Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine

Research and consideration on vitamin D physiology is crucial as approximately half of the people is being detected with this deficiency. Thus, the study was undertaken to estimate serum vitamin D and plasma cytokines in patients of diabetic retinopathy. More than fifty percent of worldwide population at risk because of vitamin D inadequacy has achieved contagion amounts. It also considered as a multifunctional hormone. In comparison to healthy control, pro-inflammatory cytokines were noticed to be elevated in patient with Type 2 Diabetes mellitus. Several studies reported significant elevation of plasma IL6(p less than 0.001), C reactive protein (CRP) (P less than 0.001) and elevated levels of TNFα in patients of diabetes. Materials and methods: A cross sectional hospital-based study was undertaken on 160 patients, who attended the ‘Retina Clinic’ of the Institute of Ophthalmology and the Out Patient Department of Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh. A well informed written consent for blood sampling was taken from all the patients included in the study and ethical approval was obtained from the institutional ethics committee. Demographic data, serum lipid profiles, HbA1c, fasting blood glucose, arterial blood pressure, visual History and treatment history were documented for all participants using pretested Performa. Results: Maximum and minimum value of different variables. In PDR group range of serum vitamin d level were 4.0ng/mL and 36.0ng/mL. While in NPDR group minimum and maximum levels were 3.50ng/mL and 58.50ng/mL. Minimum and maximum plasma TNFα level in PDR group were1.02pg/mL and 232.2pg/mL. Range of plasma IL10 in PDR patients were 4.6pg/mL and 196.74pg/mL. Minimum and maximum plasma IL1beta level in PDR patients were 11pg/mL and 119.16pg/mL. Range of plasma IL6 in patients with PDR were of 0.07pg/mL and 16pg/m. The mean and standard in various groups. In which, mean serum vitamin D in PDR patients was 15.45±6.15ng/mL whereas in the NPDR patients mean serum vitamin D was 18.99±8.25ng/mL. Conclusion: It concluded that patients with PDR, had lower vitamin D levels as compared to No DR. Showing decline trend in all patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. On cytokine study it was found that plasma levels of TNF alpha, IL10, IL 1 beta and IL6 are elevated in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients as compared to non-diabetic healthy controls.