European Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine

Background: The prevalence of asthma has been rising over the past few decades, making it one of the most prevalent chronic diseases in the world. Although the precise cause of asthma is still unknown, it most likely results from intricate interactions between a number of hereditary and environmental factors. According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), 300 million people worldwide suffer from asthma. The effects of vitamin D as a hormone have drawn more attention recently. Every component of the immune system seems to be regulated by vitamin D, with a lack of the vitamin being associated with a number of immunologically based illnesses, including asthma. Therefore, it is beneficial to check serum vitamin D levels in bronchial asthma patients. Aim and objectives: To identify any correlations between vitamin D deficiency and the severity of asthma and the objective of the study is to evaluate the serum 25(OH) D level in patients with mild, moderate, and severe asthma. Material and Methods: This is a cross-sectional observational study, which involved 100 participants between the ages of 15 and 50, of both genders with a mean age of 37.40±9.46 years. They were divided into two groups: Group A (control) consisting of 40 healthy individuals (22 males and 18 females) and Group B consisting of 60 asthmatic patients (34 males and 26 females). Group B was further subdivided into three subgroups (A, B, C), based on FEV1% and symptom severity as per the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) guidelines. An assay of serum vitamin D levels by ELISA was performed in both groups. Results: The results of the study demonstrated that asthmatic patients had considerably lower serum vitamin D levels than the control group. Conclusions: There is a significant inverse association between serum vitamin D levels and the severity of asthma symptoms, and vitamin D deficiency is rather common in people with asthma. As a result, when routinely evaluating individuals with asthma, serum vitamin D levels should be taken into account. It could be used to indicate the severity of asthma.