European Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine

Background: Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Hypopnea Syndrome (OSAHS) is a common sleep disorder in children, affecting 2–5% of the pediatric population, with a peak incidence between ages 2 and 5. The condition is associated with sleep disturbances, cognitive impairments, and developmental delays. Surgical intervention, particularly tonsillectomy with or without adenoidectomy, is the primary treatment for moderate to severe cases. Low-temperature plasma tonsillectomy has gained popularity due to reduced intraoperative bleeding, less tissue damage, and faster recovery. This study evaluates the impact of tonsillectomy using low-temperature plasma on the growth and mental health of pediatric OSAHS patients. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted over one year at the Department of ENT, World College of Medical Sciences and Research Hospital, Jhajjar. A total of 100 pediatric patients (aged 3–14 years) with clinically diagnosed OSAHS and tonsillar hypertrophy (Brodsky score ≥2) were included. Preoperative evaluation included symptom assessment, airway grading, nasofibroscopy, and radiological investigations. All patients underwent conventional cold dissection tonsillectomy under general anesthesia, with adenoidectomy performed if significant hypertrophy was present. Postoperative assessments at 1, 3, and 6 months evaluated symptom improvement, complications, and recurrence. Results: Nighttime symptoms were prevalent, with snoring (99%), nasal obstruction (97%), and mouth breathing (97%) being the most common. Daytime symptoms included asthenia upon waking (89%), drowsiness (71%), and morning headaches (67%). ENT examination revealed enlarged adenoids (97%) and hypertrophy of the lower turbinates (86%) as the most common findings. The predominant etiologies were adenoid vegetation (71%) and hypertrophic tonsillitis (68.6%). Surgical intervention led to significant symptom resolution, with improved sleep quality and daytime functioning. Postoperative complications were minimal. Conclusion: OSAHS is increasingly recognized in pediatric populations, predominantly affecting school-aged males. The condition presents with a spectrum of nocturnal and daytime symptoms, primarily linked to adenotonsillar hypertrophy. Tonsillectomy, particularly with low-temperature plasma technology, is an effective intervention that significantly improves sleep-related symptoms and overall quality of life. Further multicenter studies are required to evaluate long-term outcomes and quality of life improvements in children undergoing this procedure.

Vaginal candidiasis is a common fungal infection affecting women worldwide. This study compares the effectiveness of different antifungal regimens, including topical and oral formulations, in treating the infection. A randomized clinical trial was conducted on 200 patients diagnosed with vaginal candidiasis. Patients were divided into four groups, each receiving a different antifungal regimen. The outcomes were evaluated based on symptom resolution, fungal clearance, and recurrence rates. Results indicated that while oral fluconazole showed the highest efficacy in symptom relief and fungal eradication, topical azoles were also effective with fewer systemic side effects. This study provides insights into optimizing antifungal therapy for vaginal candidiasis.

Background: Changes in the three-dimensional geometry of the underlying structures contribute to the ageing process of the human face, just as the skin's surface textural wrinkling does. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of platelet rich plasma gel injection in facial rejuvenation and facial wrinkles. Methods: This study was carried out on 10 subjects presented by facial wrinkles. Patients were subjected to platelet rich plasma gel injection after taking an informed consent. They were assessed clinically by global assessment scale before treatment and at the end of follow up period. Results: After administration of plasma gel, all subjects significantly improved clinically immediately. This finding confirmed by significant improvement of global assessment scale. Conclusions: Plasma gel seem to be safe, effective and well tolerated in treatment of facial wrinkles and rejuvenation

Introduction: Imaging is a vital cog in the wheel of diagnosis and management of patients suspected with renal and ureteric calculi, and it is imperative to choose the appropriate investigation that is accurate and safe for the patient. The choice of appropriate investigation depends on various factors such as the nature of presentation, body habitus of the patient, cost of the investigation, and the effect of the investigation on the patient. Many modalities are available for investigating stone in patients such as ultrasonography (US), X-ray, computed tomography (CT) scan, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). CT, US, and X-ray are used widely. Materials and methods: This Study Intended to classification of renal stone using U/S scan from different soft images of U/S machine during abdomen U/S. The data of this Study was collected from different clinical centres. Results: From the 150 sets of data collected, 45 calculi were identified on both USG and CTU. The sensitivity and specificity of renal calculi finding on USG were 53% and 85% respectively. The mean size of the renal calculus revealed on USG was 6.8 mm ± 3.8 mm and the mean size of the renal calculus not imagined on USG but identified on CTU was 3.5 mm ± 2.7 mm. The sensitivity and specificity of ureteric calculi finding on USG were 12% and 97% respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of urinary bladder calculi detection on USG were 20% and 100% respectively. Discussion: This study showed that USG had limited value for the detection of renal calculi. The sensitivity and specificity of 53% and 85% respectively were lesser contrast to two earlier studies that had stated 81% and 100%, and 76% and 100% for sensitivity and specificity respectively. However, our sensitivity exceeded that of another study, which reported a sensitivity of 24%, but a slightly higher specificity of 90%. The lengthier time interval between ultrasound and CTU (45% within 1 month, the rest 1 month or more) in this study could have donated to this difference, in compare to 1 month or less in earlier studies. Conclusion: The presence study revealed that accuracy of US in finding renal, ureteric and urinary bladder calculi were 68%, 80% and 99% Respectively

Introduction: The face extends on each side to the auricle, superiorly from an adolescent portion of the hairline and inferiorly to the chin and the base of mandible. The facial appearance determines the well being of the human psyche and self-regard. Diseases on the face have become misery, as in most societies, face is the natural body part that is visible. The facial skin differs markedly from the skin of the other regions of the body, which makes the significant reasons for the unique nature of facial dermatoses. This makes the facial dermatoses stand apart from both in terms of the clinical presentation as well as a therapeutic approach

Quinolone antibiotics have potentially serious proarrhythmic effects. The effects on intracardiac potassium channels result in QT interval prolongation, leading to torsades de pointes. Evidence suggests fluoroquinolones cause QT-mediated proarrhythmia, and weak evidence links ciprofloxacin with QT-mediated arrhythmias. Ciprofloxacin may be given to select patients because the agent is believed to be safer than other drugs in its class. We report a case of ciprofloxacin-induced Q-T prolongation in a 33 year-old woman within 48 hours of its administration.

In October, 2019, ’No Mask Campaign’ was launched by one of the three most famous and tertiary central hospitals in Wuhan, to promote eye and facial expression communication with patients in flu season, which was followed as a practice standard by other hospitals in the city [1]. Two months later, it came the uncontrolled outbreak of COVID-19. It is reasonable to ask the question: Whether inadequate use of facial mask, the traditional personal protective equipment, contributed to the tragedic widespread of this novel coronavirus infection.

Introduction: Pleomorphic adenoma is a benign neoplasm that develops at the expense of the salivary gland. It evolves without symptoms; the reason why late consultations are often observed. The size of its volume can have an important functional implication. Observation: A 22 years old patient was referred by a dental surgeon for a palatal swelling evolving for two years. Intraoral examination presented an ovoid palatal mass not crossing the median line. It was covered with normal mucosal. The swelling on palpation was non tender and with a firm consistency. The scanner presented a well limited homogenous lesion located at the palate. Excision was done under general anaesthesia. Palatal silicone plate was used to protect the operated wounds. Post operation evolution was simple. Discussion: Pleomorphic adenoma is one of the most frequents benign salivary glands tumours. It is relatively rare intraorally, but when it occurs it is mostly located at the palate. It is recommended to use a palatal plate after surgery to facilitate healing and promote oral functions like phonation, as well as feeding. However, most often we are faced with unforeseen events that do not permit us to follow the usual pattern. Conclusion: Oral surgeon must be able to adapt to any situation in order to provide quality services regardless of the context.

Therapeutic foot wear is an important treatment strategy that has both preventive and therapeutic role in patients with diabetes. It is often difficult to understand and also to keep updated with types of foot wear available in market and further the dilemma “which one to use in which patient”, especially by non-foot specialist and other healthcare professionals is common

“CRISPR” (pronounced “crisper”) stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats, which are the hallmark of a bacterial defense system that forms the basis for CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing technology. CRISPR is becoming an indispensable tool in biological research. Once known as the bacterial immune system against invading viruses, the programmable capacity of the Cas9 enzyme is now revolutionizing diverse fields of medical research, biotechnology, and agriculture. CRISPR-Cas9 is no longer just a gene-editing tool; the application areas of catalytically impaired inactive Cas9, including gene regulation, epigenetic editing, chromatin engineering, and imaging, now exceed the gene-editing functionality of WT Cas9. Here, we will present a brief history of gene-editing tools and describe the wide range of CRISPR-based genome- targeting tools. We will conclude with fu Cas9 enzyme, ture directions and the broader impact of CRISPR technologies.

Background: Sudden Cardiac Arrest (SCA) in pregnancy is a particularly challenging clinical condition. Although management and resuscitation of these patients are quite similar to other adult patients except for few modifications because of the changes of pregnancy, but the uniqueness of this situation lays in the fact that here you are dealing with two patients instead of one. Targeted Population: All Pregnancy patients who are requiring urgent management in the ED, with Emergency Physicians for teaching protocol. Aim of the Study: Appropriate knowledge and training for pregnancy patients by teaching protocol to Emergency Physicians.

Yam is a very essential tuber stem with relevance to nutrition, medicine and others. In this review, common cultivars of yam were discussed in respect to genetic indicators, modifications, development and evaluation of molecular markers, genetic improvement of yam, hybridization and selection of cultivars. Other important areas reviewed from different articles include genetic tools for yam improvement, properties of yam cultivars, phytochemicals of yam, phytochemicals interactions with edibility of yam as well as nutritional value of yam, processing methods and biological implications, effects of processing methods on the nutrient and anti-nutrient composition of yam; and the storage techniques practiced in yam farming. Information from this review will enable scientists, government agencies, policy makers amongst others to make quality decisions as it relates to yam and food availability towards achieving the United Nations sustainable development goals.

Clinical Reasoning (CR) is an important aspect of health professional education and practice. The basics and fundamentals, when put together, reflect a physician’s ability to make decisions and diagnoses. The cognitive processes involved in clinical reasoning are complex and layered. CR is the process through which physicians gather cues and data (usually from history and physical examination as well as other clues or information available), process the information, come to an understanding of the patients’ problems or situation, plan and implement the necessary interventions, evaluate the responses and outcomes, as well as reflect on or off the job as relevant for deeper learning. It is a complex series of steps and cognitive functions, involving higher level thinking to define the problems, examine the evidence and then making decisions and choices to improve the patient’s physiological and psycho-social state. This paper discusses, in a simplified manner, critical thinking and CR, the Dual Process Framework continuum (from the intuitive to the analytical) to explain physicians’ approach to CR as well as the common errors and biases involved in the process. The first step to create awareness of the need to enhance and sharpen CR is indeed to become more conscious of the steps undertaken, on a daily basis, as physicians encounter their patients and plan their management.