European Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine

Background: Neck constriction deaths, encompassing strangulation and hanging, present significant challenges for forensic investigations. The intricate nature of injuries involved necessitates a comprehensive evaluation to accurately determine the cause and manner of death. This study explores the current state of forensic assessment of neck injuries from a surgeon's perspective, addressing the complexities of differentiating between homicidal, suicidal, and accidental deaths. Materials and Methods: A mixed-methods approach was utilized, combining quantitative data from 200 forensic case files over the past five years with qualitative insights from semi-structured interviews with ten experienced forensic surgeons. The study involved a retrospective analysis to identify correlations between the type of neck injury and forensic conclusions, alongside thematic analysis of expert interviews to uncover challenges and technological integration in forensic assessments. Results: The majority of neck constriction deaths were male (60%) and within the 18-45 age group (50%), with hanging identified as the predominant method (50%). Soft tissue hemorrhage and skin abrasions/lacerations were prevalent across all cases, while hyoid bone fractures and laryngeal injuries were more common in strangulation, indicating a more direct application of force. Expert interviews highlighted the importance of technological advances, the need for standardization in forensic practice, and the value of interdisciplinary collaboration. Conclusion: The findings underscore the critical role of surgical expertise in interpreting complex neck injuries and the necessity for an interdisciplinary approach in forensic assessments. Continuous advancements in forensic methodologies and technological integration are essential to address the challenges in distinguishing between different manners of death. The study advocates for ongoing education and standardization of practices to enhance the precision and reliability of forensic conclusions.

Background and Objectives: Jaundice is the commonest abnormal physical finding during 1st week of life. The objective of our study is to observe the predictive ability of Total Serum Bilirubin at 24 hours of life for development of subsequent neonatal hyperbilirubinemia.

Materials and Methods: 210 term and preterm newborns without any significant illness or congenital malformation admitted from July 2017 to June 2018 were studied by serum bilirubin estimation at 24 hours and followed up.

Results: Results of the study showed total serum bilirubin of >6mg/dl at 24 hours had a positive predictive value of 73.23% and negative predictive value of 97.12%

Interpretation and Conclusion: Early prediction of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia offers an attractive option to reduce bilirubin induced brain damage.

Background- Iron deficiency anaemia is the most common nutritional anaemia in children and it is the most common cause of microcytic anaemia. Other than this, there are many other causes of microcytic anaemia and Red Cell Distribution Width is a very good parameter to differentiate these.

Objective- To compare  peripheral blood smear findings and Red Cell Distribution Width in diagnosis of Iron Deficiency Anaemia and other microcytic anaemia

Method- It is a prospective study and was conducted from July 2017 to June 2018 in Department of Paediatrics& Neonatology, RIMS, Ranchi. 150 children from 6 months to 12 years of age with microcytic anaemia were taken. This study group was divided into Iron Deficient (ID) and Non Iron Deficient (NID) with the criteria of ID ( Serum Ferritin <7ng/mL &/or TIBC >400mg/dL) and NID ( S.Ferritin>7ng/mL &/or TIBC <400mg/dL)

Result- Comparison of mean RDW among the two groups showed that the RDW was significantly higher in ID group compared to the NID group on unpaired t test (p<0.0001)

Conclusion- Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW) is a better investigation parameter than peripheral blood smear examination for diagnosis of Iron Deficiency Anaemia

The virus which has been named “SARS-CoV-2” and the disease it causes has been named “Coronavirus Disease 2019” (abbreviated “COVID-19”) is an outbreak of respiratory disease caused by a novel (new) coronavirus that was first detected in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China since December 2019 and which has now been detected in 37 locations internationally. Person-to-person spread has been reported both China and outside China. Reported illnesses have ranged from mild to severe, including illness resulting in death. Even though a large number of medical personnel have been mobilized from all over the country to help Hubei, there is still a lack of medical personnel, medical protective equipment and medical places. Mild patients are novel coronavirus pneumonia patients with mild symptoms. The mild cases in Wuhan account for 32%. The main treatment measures are isolation and oral medication. The proportion of severe patients in Wuhan is 4.7%, and the proportion of critically ill patients increases with age. Most of the patients with severe illness are old people, many of the work that need to be done by the nurses now because of lack of nursing workers, and the workload of nursing is heavy. In order to alleviate the above problems, it is suggested that mild cases (aged between 18 years and 60 years old, without basic diseases, persistent high fever, and mental disorders, with a PS score of 0) should take care of the self-rescue medical mode of the critical patients on the principle of voluntariness, implement the 4-h shift system, and return to the shelter hospital for isolation and oral drug treatment on the principle of proximity after the care. In addition, priority should be given to the patients who are transferred to the intensive care unit or their immediate family members. This method would firstly, greatly alleviate the shortage of medical staff and medical protective articles; secondly reduce the infection rate of medical staff; realize the sharing of care workers and the reasonable and fair distribution of medical resources which finally effectively shorten the time of epidemic control

Appendicular mucocele is defined as an obstructive dilatation of the appendix caused by intraluminal accumulation of mucoid material. It has an incidence of 0.2-0.3%, commonly seen in females and individuals more than 50-years of age. A 25-year-old male was referred from a peripheral healthcare facility for an abdominal and pelvic ultrasound scan on account of recurrent episodes of lower right quadrant (iliac-region) pain and discomfort. The ultrasound scan demonstrated tenderness with sonographic probe pressure over the right iliac region, a blind ending tubular structure with dilated central lumen (dilated appendix), a linear echogenic structure casting posterior acoustic shadow and causing luminal obstruction within the appendix. An oval cystic area measuring about 18mm in widest diameter with echogenic walls, internal echoes and mixed echo material forming a circumferential rim in the innermost aspect of the cystic area, this is most likely the mucocele. A mixed echo material is also noted clogging the lumen of the appendix before the cystic mass. A diagnosis of acute appendicitis coexisting with features of a complex cystic mass most likely a mucocele. We present the ultrasonographic features of acute appendicitis coexisting with a complex cystic mass most likely a mucocele in a 25-year-old male patient.

The toxicity of a substance can be affected by many different factors such as the route by which the substance was introduced or administered (whether through application, contact with the skin, ingestion, inhalation, or direct injection), time or duration of exposure (short or long-term encounter) and the number of Exposure times (single doses or multiple doses over time), the physical form of the toxin (solid, liquid or gas), an individual’s genetic makeup and general health, among many other factors. There are many terms used to describe these factors, such as acute exposure and chronic exposure: Acute exposure: It means the single exposure to a toxic substance that may cause severe biological damage or even death, and acute exposure is usually characterized by the duration of exposure does not exceed one day. Chronic exposure: Continuous exposure to a toxin occurs over a long period of time, often measured in months or years, and can cause irreversible side effects. Toxic as in pregnant women or those suffering from certain diseases, and when evaluating a new and previously unstudied chemical, it can be compared with the other studied substances if it is believed that the two substances are very similar, but with the addition of a safety factor of 10 to take into account the possible differences between them, although the differences do not require in Usually such a level of safety is, because this approach is a very conservative approximation to allow it to be applied to a wide range of materials.

The antibacterial activities of many medicinal plants have been carried out to assess their potential use in bacteria borne diseases. In this study the antibacterial activities of two medicinal plants, Moringa oleifera and Dialium guineense as well as their phytochemical contents were carried out and compared. Their leaves were collected separately, dried, pulverized to powder and extracted with ethanol. The phytochemical analysis of M. oleifera and D. guineense extracts were carried out using standard methods, while their antibacterial activities were evaluated and compare using some bacterial isolates and by agar well diffusion method. The result of the phytochemical screening showed that both plants possess the same phytochemicals with exemption of steroids which is present only in D. guineense, and cardiac glycosides only present in M. oleifera. The results of the antibacterial activities are as follows; on Staphylococcus aureus, at concentration of 100 mg/ml, M. oleifera and D. guineense gave inhibition zone diameters

ARC syndrome is a life-threatening autosomal recessive multisystem disorder, caused by mutations in the VPS33B or VIPAR genes and its early diagnosis is of vital importance for the development of an appropriate therapeutic regimen. The cardinal features of ARC syndrome are arthrogryposis, renal tubular acidosis, and neonatal cholestatic jaundice with normal gamma glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT) level. To date, the database includes 49 published variants in VPS33B and 14 published variants in VIPAR worldwide. Here we report a new variant in VPS33B gene mutation in a 50 days old Lebanese baby boy featuring cholestatic jaundice, multiple contractions of lower limbs including talipes equinovarus and laboratory findings of renal tubular acidosis.

This research article explains in detail the pre-processing stage unifying various techniques, using real and open public data from Peru, between the years 2016-2019. The main objective is to address the study of gender inequality through clean and reliable data. This article shows how to group and clean 6 data sets by category to identify and interpret inequality factors, extract valuable information that can be used in data mining models, and contribute to future decision making. The pre-processing techniques were validated using various prediction algorithms and their performances were compared using ranking metrics.