European Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine

Introduction: Mycobacterium Tuberculosis remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in India. Emergence of new strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis that is highly resistant to current antibiotics has been evolved and is a main concern. Currently, Multidrug-resistant (MDR) and Extensive drug-resistant (XDR) Tuberculosis (TB) are significant health problems in India. Main treatment being medical, surgical resection may increase chance of cure in selected cases. Combined medical and surgical approaches are increasingly being used for treatment of MDR-TB and XDR-TB. Medical management include consumption of Antitubercular drugs (AKT) whereas, Lobectomy is a surgical procedure in which diseased or non-functional part of a lung is removed, so that the remaining healthy lung tissue can work normally. As compared to adults, paediatric population have some anatomical and physiological characteristics that makes them susceptible to postoperative complications after open thoracic surgery. Case Report: Wepresenta case of 10year old male patient posted for Lobectomy as a surgical treatment combined with anti-tubercular drugs for the management of MDR-TB with the successful combination of endotracheal tube and prone position, which provided adequate ventilation and oxygenation without complications. Conclusion: Surgery remains an important adjunct to medical therapy for the treatment of MDR-TB. In the view of persistent sputum positivity and intolerance of medical therapy, surgical intervention such as lobectomy or segmentectomy or pneumonectomy, should be considered.