European Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine

Varicose veins are dilated, tortuous veins commonly involving the lower limbs due to venous valve incompetence and chronic venous hypertension. While traditionally associated with age and multiparity, occupational standing for extended durations has emerged as a significant etiological factor. Medical residents, especially in clinical specialties, often undergo long standing hours during ward rounds, operating room duties, and emergency postings. This occupational exposure places them at risk for venous insufficiency even at a young age. The present study aims to evaluate the incidence of varicose veins among newly joined residents and identify potential occupational and lifestyle-related risk factors contributing to early varicose changes.

Aims and Objectives

Aim: To determine the incidence and contributing factors of varicose veins among newly joined residents in clinical disciplines.

Objectives:

1. To estimate the incidence of varicose veins among newly joined residents.
2. To evaluate occupational and postural risk factors such as prolonged standing and duty hours.
3. To correlate incidence with demographic factors, family history, and lifestyle habits.
4. To assess the awareness and adoption of preventive measures against varicose veins.

Study Design: Retrospective observational study

Study Period: January 2023 to June 2025 Study Setting: Department of Surgery, Vilasrao Deshmukh Government Medical College, Latur. Sample Size: 50 newly joined residents from clinical disciplines

Inclusion Criteria:

Newly joined residents between 2023–2025. Residents with continuous clinical posting for at least 6 months.

Exclusion Criteria:

Residents with pre-existing varicose veins.

Residents with venous surgeries or vascular disorders.

• Total participants: 50 residents
• Residents with symptoms of varicose veins: 6 (12%)
• Grades observed: Grade 1 (4 residents), Grade 2 (2 residents)
• Residents from Pediatrics with varicosities: 3 of 6 cases (50%)
• Average working hours: 12–18 hours/day
• Average standing hours: 8–10 hours/day
• Residents aware of prevention: 70%
• Residents practicing preventive measures: 20%
• Common measures: Leg elevation, use of stockings, avoiding prolonged standing.

This study found a 12% incidence of varicose veins among newly joined residents, emphasizing the occupational nature of venous disease in young professionals. Prolonged standing hours and inadequate rest were significant contributors. Half of the affected residents belonged to Pediatrics, possibly due to xtended ward duties. Although awareness was high (70%), only 20% practiced preventive measures, showing a gap between knowledge and practice. Similar findings have been reported by Tuchsen et al. (2000) and Callam (1994), reinforcing the link between prolonged standing and venous disease.

Varicose veins are an emerging occupational health concern among medical residents. In this study, 12% of participants showed clinical evidence of varicosities, with prolonged standing and lack of preventive awareness being the main factors. Institutional programs promoting ergonomic education, regular screening, and lifestyle modifications can reduce the burden of venous insufficiency among healthcare professionals.

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