European Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine

Ocular manifestations during pregnancy and labor are multifaceted, ranging from benign fluctuations in visual acuity to potentially vision-threatening conditions. Understanding these manifestations is essential for comprehensive maternal healthcare. Objective: This study aims to elucidate the patterns of ocular manifestations in pregnant women, investigate associated risk factors, assess their clinical significance, and classify them into benign and vision-threatening categories. Methods: A retrospective analysis of medical records total n= 200 pregnant women was conducted, with data collected on ocular symptoms, preexisting ocular conditions, and pregnancy-related complications from January 2020 to September 2023. Ophthalmological examinations included visual acuity assessment, intraocular pressure measurement, and fundus evaluation. Results: Among the participants, 48.5% reported mild fluctuations in visual acuity, primarily attributed to hormonal changes. Preexisting ocular conditions are exacerbated in 12.3% of cases, with dry eye syndrome being the most prevalent. Elevated intraocular pressure (>21 mmHg) was observed in 6.8% of participants, necessitating further evaluation for glaucoma. Rare but severe conditions, including central serous chorioretinopathy (1.5%) and central retinal vein occlusion (0.6%), were identified, often associated with hypertensive disorders. Psychological distress due to ocular symptoms was reported in 22.7% of cases. Conclusions: Ocular manifestations during pregnancy and labor are common, with fluctuations in visual acuity and exacerbation of preexisting conditions being the most prevalent. Regular ophthalmological monitoring during pregnancy is crucial to identify and manage potentially vision-threatening conditions. Addressing the psychosocial impact of ocular symptoms is also essential for holistic maternal care.