European Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine

Introduction-Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the multifactorial diseases. CKD outcomes are based on many factors and once developed disease tends to progress to end stage renal disease. Many studies have proven relationship of bone minerals and non-protein nitrogenous (NPN) substances with CKD but data showing an association of these parameters with progression of disease is inadequate. Material and method- The study consisted of 88 CKD patients enrolled from kidney hospitals of Lucknow in the period between November 2020 to April 2021. Same number of control was also taken for comparison. Calcium, phosphorus and uric acid was analysed from the blood sample taken from both the groups. GFR was estimated and patients were classified into different stages of CKD. Chi-square test was applied to see the association and ANOVA & Post-hoc Tukey test were used to find the mean difference of parameters among different stages of CKD patients and the control group. For these tests, P-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Result- Females were found to be affected more by advance stage of CKD than their male counterparts. Hypocalcemia, hyperphosphatemia and hyperuricemia was the general finding in all the CKD stages when compared to control. Mean Ca of stage4 or 5 was significantly lower than stage3 and control group. Mean level of P of stage5 was higher than that of stage3 or 4 of CKD. Similarly, difference in mean uric acid between all the pairs was significant except between control and CKD stage 3. Conclusion- Our study found deranged Ca, P and uric acid levels along with advancement of CKD stages. Correcting these parameters may be of value in the management of CKD to stop its progression