European Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine

Background: Thyroid disorders are the second most common cause of endocrine dysfunction in women of child bearing age after diabetes mellitus. Development of maternal thyroid disorders during early pregnancy can influence the pregnancy outcome and fetal development. The most common cause of hypothyroidism is primary abnormality in thyroid. Aims: The present study was undertaken to know the maternal and fetal outcome in pregnant women with hypothyroidism. Materials and Methods:  This hospital based observational study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology and Department of Pediatrics of Burdwan Medical College and Hospital, Burdwan, West Bengal, India. 110 pregnant women with hypothyroidism were followed up till their delivery and the outcomes was noted after having proper consent of the mothers. The duration of the study was 18 months. (April 2021-September 2022). The data was tabulated in Microsoft Excel software and analysed with SPSS V.24   software. Results: A total of 110 patients were included in this study. Among them, 9.1% were from the age group of ≤20 years, 63.6% were from the age group of 20-30 years. TSH was 8.8±1.6 before treatment. It reduced to 5.6±1.4 in the 1st post-treatment follow up and further reduced to 4.4±1.2 in the 2nd post-treatment follow up. The mean FT4 was 18.0±1.9 before treatment. It increased to 23.1±2.1 in the 1st post-treatment follow up and further increased to 24.2±2.2 in the 2nd post-treatment follow up. The mean FT3 was 2.8±1.0 before treatment. It increased to 6.1±1.1 in the 1st post-treatment follow up and further increased to 7.5±1.1 in the 2nd post-treatment follow up. Among the neonates of 110 patients, 30% had low APGAR score, 27.2% had low birth weight, 24.5% had prematurity, 5.4% had respiratory distress syndrome, 4.5% needed NICU. Among the 110 patients, 58.1% had preterm labor, 22.7% had abortion, 7.2% had anaemia. Conclusion: Thyroid hormone is essential for early placental development in pregnancy. Early and effective treatment of thyroid disorders ensures safe pregnancy with minimal maternal and fetal complication.