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Research Article | Volume 13 Issue:1 (, 2023) | Pages 867 - 874
A Study of Respiratory Distress in Term Neonates in Early Neonatal Period in Tertiary Care Hospital
Under a Creative Commons license
Open Access
DOI : 10.5083/ejcm
Published
Feb. 28, 2023
Abstract

Background: The most frequent cause of morbidity among newborns is respiratory issues. That is the most frequent reason for admission to a NICU. In order to manage newborn distress and improve clinical outcomes, early detection of the aetiology of respiratory distress is crucial [3]. A combination of symptoms called respiratory distress results from illness processes that impair gas exchange. Objectives: To identify the etiological factors of respiratory distress in the early neonatal period and its immediate outcome. MATERIAL & METHODS: Study Design: Prospective Hospital based descriptive study. Study area: SNCU, Department of Pediatrics, Siddhartha Medical College, Vijayawada. Study Period: January 2020- December 2020. Study population: Full-term neonates with respiratory distress GA (≥37 weeks). Sample size: study consisted 207 study subjects. Sampling method: Simple random technique. Study tools and Data collection procedure: Full-term (gestational age 37 weeks and above) neonates (only inborn) admitted in SNCU Ward of Government Siddartha Medical College & Hospital, with respiratory distress, were consecutively recruited into this descriptive study after getting informed consent from the parents. The early neonatal period (full-term neonates admitted to the NICU with respiratory distress that started within 7 days of birth) was the focus of the study. Instances that were unfollowed were not included in the analysis. Results: Out of the 89 TTN cases, 47 were born early term & 42 were late-term, out of 33 birth asphyxia cases, 19 were born early term and 14 were born late-term, out of 19 CHD cases, 5 were born at early term and 14 were late-term, out of 22 sepsis cases 9 were early term and 13 were late-term, out of 7 surgical cases, 5 were born at early term and 2 were born late-term. 1 case of RDS was born late-term. Out of 2 cases due to other causes, 1 was early term and 1 was late-term. Thus TTN, surgical causes, and Birth asphyxia were common in the early term. CHD, MAS, and Sepsis were common in late term. CONCLUSION: From our study it can be concluded that the most prevalent reason for neonatal admission to the NICU was respiratory distress. TTN was the commonest cause of RD in term neonates, followed by Meconium aspiration, Perinatal asphyxia, Sepsis and pneumonia, and Congenital Heart Disease. Males are more likely than females to experience respiratory distress. Pneumonia are the most common causes of mortality

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