European Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine

Background: The ability of sonography to depict the subtle changes in the myometrium and endometrium makes it the diagnostic modality of choice for evaluation of many uterine disorders. The transvaginal sonography (TVS) has a pivotal role for assessment of gynecological patients and the vaginosonographic examination allows visualization of phasic variation of endometrial thickness, endometrial infiltration in endometrial cancer. Aims and Objectives: Validation of ultrasonographic measurement of endometrial thickness (ET), histopathological study and other risk factors like nulliparity, obesity, early menarche, antihypertensive drugs, hormone replacement therapy, hypertension and late menopause. Materials and Methods: The current study was a prospective observational study carried out in the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, MKCG Medical College; Berhampur; Odisha from November-2017 to October-2019 over 120 cases. Cases were selected according to following inclusion and exclusion criteria after informed consent. After selection cases were subjected for detailed history taking with special attention to oral contraceptive use, use of HRT, antihypertensive medications, history of diabetes followed by thorough clinical examinations and baseline investigations including hemogram, FBS, urine routine and microscopic, chest X-ray and Pap smear. Then all the cases were subjected for ultrasound examination for ET followed by endometrial biopsy. Results: Majority of 52 cases (43.33%) had menarche at age of 13-15 yrs, of them 44 cases (84.61%) had ET ≥ 4 mm, 41 cases (34.16%) had menarche at age of 16-18 yrs, of them 30 cases (73.17%) had ET ≥ 4 mm. Most of cases i.e. 41 cases (34.16%) were of P4, of them 38 cases (92.7%) had ET ≥ 4 mm followed by 36 cases (30%) were of P5, of them 22 cases (61.11%) had ET ≥ 4 mm, 17 cases (14.16%) were of P3, of them 15 cases (88.2%) had ET≥ 4 mm, 8 cases (6.66%) were of P2, of them 6 cases (75%) had ET≥4mm,4cases(3.33%)wereofP1, ofthem3cases(75%)hadET≥4mmand2cases (1.66%) were of P0, of them one case had ET ≥ 4 mm. Among the cases, 26 cases (21.66%) who give history of OCP use, of them 16 cases (61.53%) had ET ≥ 4 mm whereas 94 cases (78.33%) who had never used OCP, of them 78 cases (82.9%) had ET ≥ 4 mm . Among the 108 cases (90%) who never taken HRT, 84 cases (77.77%) had ET ≥ 4 mm whereas among the 12 cases (10%) who had taken HRT, 10 cases (83.33%) had ET ≥ 4 mm(p value is 0.94). Conclusion: Transvaginal ultrasound is a measurement tool, justify subsequent study of the relationship between endometrial thickness and other risk factors like nulliparity, obesity, early menarche, antihypertensive drugs, hormone replacement therapy, hypertension and late menopause in cases of postmenopausal bleeding.