European Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine

Diabetes Mellitus is a metabolic disorder of multiple aetiology characterized by presence of hyperglycaemia with disturbances of carbohydrate, protein and lipid metabolism due to defects in insulin secretion, action or both. The link of vitamin D with insulin insensitivity or abnormal glucose metabolism gained much more scientific attention in the last 10 years. Various observations or associations were cited. Exploring the possible role for either altered vitamin D status and its metabolites or altered Insulin sensitivity in the pathogenesis of the each disease. In view of increased prevalence of diabetes mellitus, vitamin D deficiency and association of vitamin D with diabetes mellitus the present study is undertaken to evaluate vitamin D levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus and its correlation with HbA1c levels Aim: To study vitamin D levels and its correlation with HbA1c level in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: An observational study was carried out over a span of 1.5 years who were previously diagnosed case of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus attended Medicine department OPD and IPD between age group 30-70 years were included in study Serum vitamin D3, HbA1c, FBS, PPBS and other clinical features were noted based on history and clinical examination of these patients. Results:  25% had HbA1c of less than 7, 39 patients (39%) had HbA1c more than 9. The mean HbA1c level was 8.65 ± 1.93. We observed in 41 patients (41%) the level of Vitamin- D were deficient, in 17 patients (17%) the levels were inadequacy and in remaining 42 patients (42%) the levels were either normal or more than normal. In our study Vitamin D levels were found to be lower in the diabetic cases with >5 years of duration compared to recently diagnosed diabetic cases. The difference is statistically significant (P value 0.001) as compared with recently diagnosed (P value 0.63). It was found that patients with poor glycaemic control had maximum Vitamin D deficiency (12%) which was statistically significant with p value of  0.001 than those with good glycaemic control had sufficient Vitamin D levels (9%) with p value of 0.07. We compared the mean Vitamin D levels with duration of diabetes of mellitus and HbA1c and it was observed that the mean levels of Vitamin D were reduced with increasing duration of diabetes mellitus and increasing HbA1c levels. This difference was statistically significant. (P<0.05). Conclusion: There was an association between Vitamin D levels and HbA1c in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. In the present study of 100 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus we found that lower vitamin D levels were associated with poor glycaemic control