European Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine

Background: Cholecystectomy, the surgical removal of the gallbladder, has evolved from open to laparoscopic approaches. This study compares the complications and outcomes of laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) versus open cholecystectomy (OC) for gallstone disease management. Methods: A retrospective analysis of electronic medical records was conducted, including patient demographics, surgical details, complications, recovery times, hospital stays, and patient satisfaction in Department of General Surgery ANMMCH,GAYA .Multivariate analysis explored associations between variables. Results: Among 300 patients (LC=150, OC=150), LC showed lower bile duct injury (1.3% vs. 3.3%), wound infection (4.7% vs. 8.0%), and postoperative pain (3.8 vs. 4.2) rates. LC patients had faster recovery (3.8 days vs. 5.2 days) and shorter hospital stays (2.6 days vs. 4.1 days). Patient satisfaction was higher with LC (80.0% "Excellent" vs. 63.3%, p=0.002). Subgroup analysis showed consistent benefits of LC across complex gallstone disease and comorbidity subgroups. Multivariate analysis indicated the laparoscopic approach as an independent predictor of lower complications (OR=2.18, p=0.007). Conclusion: This study highlights the advantages of laparoscopic cholecystectomy, demonstrating lower complication rates, faster recovery, shorter hospital stays, and higher patient satisfaction compared to open cholecystectomy. These findings underscore the continued relevance of the laparoscopic approach for gallstone disease management.