European Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine

Background: The rising incidence of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) has made it a significant public health concern, particularly in India where it ranks as the second leading cause of mortality. This study aims to explore the cardiovascular autonomic reactivity in COPD patients compared to normal subjects. Previous research has shown autonomic imbalance in COPD patients, making this a critical area for investigation to enhance management strategies and mitigate cardiovascular complications. Material & Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted over 18 months at a tertiary care center with 78 participants, comprising both normal subjects and individuals diagnosed with COPD. Various tests, such as deep breathing, isometric handgrip, postural change, and the Valsalva maneuvre, were administered to assess cardiovascular autonomic reactivity. Statistical analyses including t-tests, were utilized to interpret the data. Results: The study revealed significant differences in BMI, resting heart rate, and blood pressure between normal subjects (Group A) and COPD patients (Group B), with p-values of 0.00004, 0.002, and <0.0001 respectively. Cardiovascular autonomic reactivity tests, including E:I Ratio (P=0.001) and ΔSBP (P<0.0001), also showed marked disparities. Conclusion: The study highlights significant differences in cardiovascular autonomic reactivity between normal individuals and COPD patients, particularly in parameters like BMI, heart rate, and blood pressure. These disparities suggest compromised autonomic flexibility in COPD patients, underlining the need for a multi-system approach in their clinical management.