European Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine

Background: Diabetes mellitus is the most common disorder among endocrine disorders that are associated with hypomagnesemia. So far many studies have shown that Mg levels are lower in diabetic patients. According to CARDIA Study (Coronary Artery Risk Development in young Adults) there was an inverse relationship between Mg intake and the incidence of diabetes. Mg depletion may cause an insulin-resistant state, poor glycemic control and disordered lipid metabolism in diabetic patients. Furthermore, poor glycemic control in diabetic patients is a well-known risk factor for Mg depletion. Serum Mg depletion has been reported in diabetic patients who had advanced retinopathy and poor glycemic control. It has been shown that diabetic patients, hypomagnesemia has been associated with poor glycemic control and urine albumin excretion and complications Material And Methods This study was conducted for 1 year in the outpatient department of General Medicine, A. J. Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Mangalore starting from September 2019 to August 2020. Hospital based Observational study was conducted among 117 individuals. Diabetic patients were observed and serum magnesium levels were monitored. 23 patients were observed to have hypomagnesemia and the rest 92 were found to have normal serum magnesium levels. The results were analyzed using student ‘t’ test. Results The mean age in the hypomagnesemia group was 61.92 SD + .8.76, and in those with normal magnesium levels it was 60. 79 years SD + 8.90 years. In the hypomagnesemia group 52% were females and 48% were males and in those who had normal magnesium levels, 31.52%were females and 68.48% were males. 64 % in hypomagnesemia group and 12.77%, in the normal magnesium group had complications. The mean potassium in the normal magnesium group was 4.606 mEq/dl, hypomagnesemia group was 3.096 mEq/dl. The mean sodium in the normal magnesium group was 133.48 mEq/dL and in the hypomagnesemia group was 130.03 mEq/dL. Conclusion Prevalence of hypomagnesemia in diabetics is 25%. Prevalence of hypomagnesemia is significantly higher in patients with diabetic complications. Hypomagnesemia is significantly associated with glycemic control and potassium levels. No significant association was found to exist between hypomagnesemia, age and gender.