European Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine

Background: Early-onset type 2 diabetes in adults is associated with more progressive cardiovascular disease than late-onset type 2 diabetes. The correlation between diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD) is well established, with CVD being the leading cause of death among individuals with diabetes. Young-onset diabetes is associated with an elevated risk of cardiovascular and microvascular complications. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of cardiovascular complications in individuals with early-onset type 2 diabetes. Methods: This observational study was conducted on 100 adult patients diagnosed with diabetes based on ADA criteria. Blood and urine investigations were performed, and cardiovascular abnormalities were evaluated using electrocardiography and echocardiography. Data were analyzed using Epi Info and descriptive statistics, including means and percentages, were calculated. Results: The mean duration of diabetes among the participants was 2.97 ± 1.64 years. Overweight status was observed in 49% of the patients, with 30% classified as having grade I obesity. Myocardial infarction was present in 15% of the patients with diabetes, while 9% had metabolic syndrome. Polycystic ovarian syndrome, gestational diabetes, hypothyroidism, smoking, and alcohol use were reported in 3%, 6%, 6%, 21%, and 3% of the patients, respectively. Electrocardiogram findings were normal in 82% of the patients, with 6% showing left ventricular hypertrophy along with ST depression and T inversion. Conclusion: The study concludes that myocardial infarction is a prevalent cardiac complication in early-onset diabetes mellitus. Male sex, metabolic syndrome, and elevated triglyceride and cholesterol levels are significant factors associated with myocardial infarction in early-onset type 2 diabetes. Screening and appropriate treatment are recommended for these patients.