European Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine

Introduction: The rising incidence of stroke in young individuals has garnered attention, yet data disparities persist. This study aims to investigate stroke cases among young individuals in the Koraput district of Odisha, considering the unique ethnic composition of the region. Methodology: A retrospective hospital-based study was conducted at SLN Medical College and Hospital, spanning February 2019 to February 2020. Inclusion criteria encompassed patients aged 15–45 years meeting the WHO stroke definition. Demographic, clinical, and diagnostic data were collected, including neuroimaging and comprehensive risk factor assessments. Results: Of 370 stroke cases, 32.4% were young individuals (n=120), with a mean onset age of 33 years and a male preponderance (1.5:1). Cerebral infarction was predominant (50.8%), primarily atherosclerotic (52.4%). Alcohol abuse (68.8%) and smoking (44.3%) were significant risk factors. Intracerebral hemorrhage constituted 41.6%, predominantly affecting the basal ganglia (71.4%), with alcohol abuse as a major risk factor. Subarachnoid hemorrhage and cerebral venous thrombosis occurred in 4.2% and 3.1%, respectively, with distinct gender patterns and risk factors. Discussion: The study aligns with global trends, emphasizing the prevalence of ischemic strokes, particularly atherosclerotic, among young individuals. Traditional risk factors, such as hypertension, were associated with ischemic strokes, while alcohol consumption emerged as a significant modifiable risk factor. Hemorrhagic strokes exhibited a higher proportion among the young, with alcohol and hypertension synergy as significant risk contributors. Conclusion: Stroke in young individuals necessitates tailored investigative approaches, considering the diversity in etiology and risk factors. Beyond traditional risks, the study underscores the importance of addressing modifiable factors, especially alcohol consumption. Comprehensive population-based studies are essential to understand stroke patterns in diverse populations.