European Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine

Aim :To Evaluate the Diagnostic Efficiency of Cystatin C As a marker of Early Renal injury in patients of Type 2 Diabetic in comparison with Creatinine. Materials and Methods : 100 proven cases of type 2 Diabetes categorized into 3 groups. Normoalbuminuria (48), microalbuminuria (32) & macroalbuminuria (20). 50 age and sex matched healthy controls. Fasting plasma glucose(FPG), serum Creatinine, serum Cystatin C, urine dipstick analysis for protein, urine albumin, urine creatinine & calculated UACR were estimated. Glomerular filtration rate was estimated by Cystatin C concentrations according to Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology (CKD-EPI) equation and Creatinine eGFR according to Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD). Results : There was raised levels of FPG , serum Creatinine & serum Cystatin C significantly (p<0.01) with increasing duration of Diabetes. The eGFR of Cystatin C was lower than that of Creatinine eGFR in cases but in controls it was more. The calculated sensitivity of Cystatin C eGFR was 91%,specificity was 94% and overall accuracy(OA) was 92% and these results are better than that of Creatinine eGFR with 84% sensitivity ,88% specificity and 85% OA. The eGFR cystatin c showed higher sensitivity, high specificity & higher accuracy than eGFR creatinine in studied diabetic subjects. Cystatin C showed more significant correlation with Cys C e GFR, (r = −0.99, p<0.001) than serum creatinine e GFR ( r= −0.86,p<0.001) in diabetic patients. Conclusion:The results of present study showed Cystatin C was more sensitive than creatinine thereby making se Cystatin.