European Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine

Aim:To estimate prevalence of Diabetic retinopathy in patients with Diabetic nephropathy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients in a tertiary care centre. Material and Methods: Our study, conducted from January 1, 2020, to June 30, 2021, at Sri Guru Ram Das Institute of Medical Sciences, Sri Amritsar, was designed to assess the prevalence and grading of diabetic retinopathy among patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus diagnosed with nephropathy. This study included patients from both inpatient and outpatient departments. Fundus photography and the grading of diabetic retinopathy were conducted as per the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study classification. Individuals with Type 1 diabetes, nephrotic syndrome, those on glucocorticoids, with urinary tract infections, chronic kidney disease stages 4 and 5, and hypertensive patients were excluded. Results: Out of 139 patients 6.47%(n=9) patients were  having mild Non Proliferative diabetic Retinopathy, 11.51%(n=16) were having moderate Non proliferative diabetic retinopathy, 12.23%(n=17) were having severe Non proliferative diabetic retinopathy and 3.5%(n=5) were  having proliferative diabetic retinopathy. In 9 patients having mild non proliferative diabetic retinopathy,  mean duration of diabetes  was 9.6+3.2 years, 16 patients were having moderate non proliferative diabetic retinopathy , mean duration of diabetes was 10.5+2.3 years, 17 patients having mean duration of diabetes between 13.9+2.2 years were having severe non proliferative diabetic retinopathy and 5 patients having mean duration of diabetes between 15.2+2.7 were having proliferative diabetic retinopathy and  correlation between duration of diabetes and retinopathy was statistically significant.(p=0.001)  Conclusion: The analysis revealed a statistically significant correlation between the duration of diabetes and the presence and severity of retinopathy (p=0.001) .