European Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine

Background: Analgesics and antimicrobial agents are commonly prescribed drugs in dental patients. Therefore, monitoring their use and adverse reactions is very important. Aims and Objectives- To evaluate the prescription patterns and associated adverse drug reactions of analgesics and antimicrobial agents in dental patients. Materials and Methods: This is an observational study conducted in a tertiary care centre in northern India from July 2022 to September 2022. The study assessed a total of 100 prescriptions from dental practitioners. The majorities of patients visiting were in the age group of 21-30 years. The standard ADR reporting forms of CDSCO were used to record all adverse events experienced by the patients. Adverse drug reaction’s causality assessment was done using Naranjo’s Scale and the severity assessment by Modified Hartwig & Siegel scale. Results: The majorities of patients visiting the dental practitioners were males (53%) and the most common dental infections for which antimicrobials and analgesics prescribed were acute/chronic Caries (33%), acute/chronic Periodontitis (30%), Pericoronitis (19%), Periapical abscess (4%), Post RCT (5%), Trismus (2%), Sialadenitis (1%), Post operative TMJ ankylosis (1%), Oral Cancer (1%), Oroantral Fistula (1%), Ameloblastoma of jaw (1%), Cellulitis (2%) .  The antimicrobials most frequently used for management of the observed conditions were Amoxycillin + potassium clavulanate(67%), Cefixime (27%), cefixime + clavulanic acid (2%), Ceftriaxone (inj.) (1%), Amikacin sulphate (1%), Metronidazole (2%) and the most common Analgesics prescribed were Aceclofenac + paracetamol (71%), Paracetamol (5%), Diclofenac sodium(23%), Dynapar AQ (1%) Out of 100 patients, 19 reported adverse drug reactions (ADRs), and out of 19 patients with ADRs, 52 different types of adverse drug reactions were reported. Conclusion: Our findings suggested caries as the most frequently reported conditions for which Antimicrobials and Analgesics were prescribed. Amoxicillin+ Potassium Clavulanate followed by cefixime was the most commonly used antimicrobials. 19% patients reported ADRs of which nausea and diarrhea were most frequent.