European Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine

Mandibular lesions are myriad and common across all age groups. The presence of ectodermal structures liketeeth makes mandible a site for spectrum of lesions arising from allthree germ layers. Because lesions of the mandible have a wide range of pathological features but similar imaging appearances, they often pose a great diagnostic dilemma .Familiarity with embryologic characteristics and secondary findings are crucial. The diagnosis is based on the patient's age at onset, prevalence, position within the mandible, cystic or solid appearance, border contour, and impact of the lesion on nearby structures (1). 
Mandibular lesions develop from both odontogenic and non-odontogeni. Periapical (radicular) cysts, follicular (dentigerous) cysts, and odontogenic keratocysts are common benign cystic lesions. A wide variety of lesions, including Ameloblastoma, odontomas, ossifying fibromas, and periapical cemental dysplasia, are classified as benign solid tumours. Squamous cell carcinomas, osteosarcomas, and metastatic tumours are examples of malignant tumours that frequently affect the mandible. The disparity may also grow as vascular lesions like hemangiomas and arteriovenous malformations occur. In a retrospective study by Peker et al of 739 lesions of the mandible,54% lesions comprised of odontogenic and non odontogenic cysts,29% of reactive and inflammatory lesions and 19% were tumorand tumor like lesions. Although a lesser percentage, these tumor and tumor like lesions require a comprehensive diagnostic algorithm to ensure prompt diagnosis and to determine the period of follow up or intervention, if needed (2).

Panoramicradiograph(OPG),computedtomography(CT)andmagneticresonanceimaging(MRI)areusedforradiological

assessment of lesions of the jaw. OPG may help to differentiate lesions into solid/cystic, assess themargins and also gives a clue regarding the type of matrix and effect of the lesion on the adjacent teeth. Theassessment of lesion size,lesion borders, and expansion into significant anatomic structures or soft tissues ishinderedby the fact that conventional radiographs are two-dimensional projections of three-dimensionalstructures. CT is used to determine the site of origin and to determine the effecton adjacent structures/teeth, to assess bony changes to differentiate between inflammatory and malignant causes etc (3).
High-resolution MRI is mostly utilized in conjunction with CT because it provides an accurate representation of intraosseous and extraosseous lesion components, cyst wall architecture, enhancement patterns following intravenous administration of gadolinium chelates and the type of soft tissue involvement (displacement versus infiltration). Magnetic resonance imaging most accurately determined the full extent of tumor invasion in the Mandibular marrow spaces. Rarely is PET/CT used to evaluate mandibular lesions. However, it may be used as an additional examination for the staging of cancerous tumours that have spread to the mandible, such as primary intraosseous SCC, Mandibular lymphoma, or oral SCC with secondary Mandibular invasion.Even while imaging does not always offer a clear diagnosis, it should help to reduce the range of possible diagnoses, which will help to direct patient.
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES
Primary:
• To compare the accuracy of radiological findings in cases of primary lesions of the mandible to the gold standard (histopathology).
Secondary:
• To establish characteristic radiological findings for a particular pathology.
•Todeviseadiagnosticalgorithmusingauditinformationobtainedbycorrelatingclinical,radiologicalandpathologicalfeaturesofmandibularlesions.
•Subsetanalysisofameloblastomaswithrespecttoclinicalfeatures,imagingfindingsandhistology.