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Research Article | Volume 14 Issue: 2 (March-April, 2024) | Pages 847 - 851
Scanning electron microscopic analysis of adherent bacterial biofilms associated with peri-implantitis
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1
Assistant Professor, Department of Periodontia and Community Dentistry, Dr. Ziauddin Ahmed Dental College and Hospital, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh
2
Lecturer, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Regional Dental College, Guwahati
3
Department of Public Health Dentistry, Department of Periodontia and Community Dentistry, Dr. Ziauddin Ahmed Dental College and Hospital, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh
4
Senior Resident, Government Medical College and Hospital, Nagpur
5
Private Practitioner, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Bhopal
Under a Creative Commons license
Open Access
PMID : 16359053
Received
Feb. 19, 2024
Revised
March 5, 2024
Accepted
March 21, 2024
Published
April 4, 2024
Abstract

Background: Although there is still disagreement on the microbiological profile, bacteria in the peri-implant area are responsible for the development of peri-implantitis (PI). Methodology: After 14 unsuccessful implants were extracted, they were immediately prepared for scanning electron microscope examination. Three equally distributed sub-crestal levels of the exposed area were used to photograph the dental implants. Three inspectors recognised and measured the different bacterial morphotypes. Results: In our research, the implants showed evidence of diverse bacterial morphotypes that were unrelated to the development of the disease. Filaments dominated several implants, while combinations of cocci/rods or spirilles/spirochetes were seen in several. Overall, the morphologic biofilm makeup of all devices varied. Conclusion: Although there were notable variations amongst the implants, identical morphological types in each implant were frequently observed over the whole region.

Keywords
INTRODUCTION

Dental implants offer a reliable and long-lasting way to replace lost teeth, which has completely changed the dental industry. A 20-year follow-up period revealed a mean survival rate of 94.6% for dental implants, according to a systematic review.1 This is a very encouraging outcome, and as implant materials and clinical procedures advance, more implants are being placed annually. Problems can occur with any medical operation, though. Peri-implantitis, a disorder that affects dental implants, is one such consequence. Because it can result in implant failure and serious problems with dental health, peri-implantitis is a difficult issue in dentistry.2 The prevalence of peri-implantitis described in literature varies, but has a mean of 19.53% at the patient-level and 12.53% at the implant-level.3

According to Dabdoub et al. (2013) and Kumar et al. (2012), the peri-implantitis microbiome is a microscopically unique ecosystem that generally varies from the periodontitis microbiome. Anaerobic, gram-negative, and motile bacteria are more prevalent in peri-implantitis, according to the overall features of the microbial changes from health (Al-Ahmad et al., 2018; Apatzidou et al., 2017; Kumar et al., 2012; Mombelli & Décaillet, 2011; Sanz-Martin et al., 2017).

The natural form of biofilm investigation on failed implants has received very little interest. Actually, no thorough research has been done to show the makeup of the biofilm surrounding retrieved dental implants. With the use of a high resolution scanning electron microscope, the current research aimed to characterise the distribution of bacterial morphological types on the unsuccessful implants and assess the correlation between various morphotypes and implant design as well as clinical outcomes.

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