European Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine

AD is a degenerative brain condition marked by worsening cognitive function, memory loss, and shifts in behaviour. As the disease progresses, those afflicted typically need substantial assistance and care, typically from family or other caregivers. The quality of caregiving is greatly impacted by caregivers' understanding and outlook on AD. This scoping review seeks to examine and consolidate current literature on caregivers' knowledge and attitudes towards individuals with AD, with the goal of identifying research deficiencies and avenues for additional exploration.Top of Form

Background:Alzheimer's disease stands as the leading cause of dementia globally, impacting millions. It presents substantial hurdles not just for those diagnosed but also for their caregivers, who serve as vital sources of support and aid. These caregivers frequently encounter a multitude of obstacles, from addressing behavioural changes to managing personal care and navigating intricate healthcare systems. Recognizing the knowledge and attitudes of caregivers towards AD is crucial for crafting successful support initiatives and interventions aimed at enhancing caregiving outcomes.

Objectives:The main aim of this scoping review is to investigate and consolidate current literature concerning caregivers' knowledge and attitudes towards individuals with AD. Specific objectives include:

1. Identifying the spectrum of knowledge levels among caregivers of individuals with AD.
2. Examining prevalent misconceptions and beliefs about AD among caregivers.
3. Investigating the diversity in caregivers' attitudes towards individuals with AD.
4. Exploring the factors that influence caregivers' knowledge and attitudes towards AD.
5. Identifying practical implications and avenues for further research in this field.

A thorough exploration of electronic databases, including PubMed, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and Google Scholar, was undertaken to pinpoint pertinent studies released between 2010 and 2024. Various combinations of keywords like "Alzheimer's disease," "caregivers," "knowledge," "attitude," and related terms were utilized. Studies meeting the criteria focused on caregivers of individuals with AD and evaluated either knowledge, attitude, or both via quantitative, qualitative, or mixed-methods methodologies. Articles underwent screening based on title, abstract, and full text, with relevant data extracted for synthesis.

Out of the identified studies, a total of 50 met the inclusion criteria and were incorporated into the scoping review. The results unveiled a broad spectrum of knowledge levels among caregivers of individuals with AD. While some caregivers exhibited a comprehensive grasp of the disease, its manifestations, and management techniques, others displayed limited understanding or misconceptions. Common misconceptions included notions that AD is a natural aspect of aging or that individuals with the disease can exert control over their symptoms through willpower. Furthermore, caregivers' attitudes towards individuals with AD varied significantly, influenced by factors such as cultural norms, personal encounters, and the presence of support systems. Favourable attitudes marked by empathy, patience, and comprehension were linked to superior care quality, whereas negative attitudes like stigma or frustration impeded effective caregiving efforts

The results of this review offer significant insights into caregivers' understanding and perspectives regarding individuals with AD. The diverse range of knowledge levels and attitudes emphasizes the necessity for customized interventions and support initiatives aimed at rectifying misunderstandings and fostering positive outlooks among caregivers. Factors influencing caregivers' knowledge and attitudes, such as cultural beliefs and personal experiences, underscore the importance of acknowledging individual differences in caregiving assistance. Future research endeavours should delve into the repercussions of caregivers' knowledge and attitudes on caregiving outcomes, as well as assess the efficacy of interventions designed to enhance caregiver support and education.

This scoping review emphasizes the crucial role of comprehending caregivers' knowledge and attitudes towards individuals with AD within the caregiving realm. By pinpointing prevalent misconceptions, diverse attitudes, and factors shaping caregivers' perspectives, this review offers valuable guidance for crafting tailored interventions and support initiatives aimed at improving the welfare of both caregivers and individuals with AD. Further research is necessary to delve into the intricate relationship between caregivers' knowledge, attitudes, and caregiving outcomes in the context of AD.

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