European Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine

Background: Platelet indices, including platelet count (PC), mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), and plateletcrit (PCT), have been reported to be altered in various hematological and non-hematological disorders. This study aimed to analyze platelet indices in different hematological and non-hematological disorders in a tertiary care institute in northern India. Methods: A total of 1701 cases, including 1317 (77.4%) hematological disorders and 384 (22.6%) non-hematological disorders, were analyzed retrospectively. Platelet indices were compared between hematological and non-hematological disorders and among different hematological disorders using appropriate statistical tests. Correlations between platelet indices and age, hemoglobin, and white blood cell (WBC) count were also assessed. Results: Hematological disorders had significantly higher PC (268.4 ± 107.4 × 10⁹/L vs. 245.7 ± 98.3 × 10⁹/L, p = 0.001), MPV (10.5 ± 1.7 fL vs. 10.2 ± 1.6 fL, p = 0.003), PDW (15.5 ± 2.4% vs. 15.1 ± 2.4%, p = 0.007), and PCT (0.28 ± 0.11% vs. 0.25 ± 0.10%, p < 0.001) compared to non-hematological disorders. Among anemia subtypes, macrocytic anemia had the lowest PC and the highest MPV and PDW (p < 0.001). Thrombocytosis had a higher PC and PCT and lower MPV and PDW compared to thrombocytopenia (p < 0.001). Age, hemoglobin, and WBC count showed significant correlations with platelet indices (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Platelet indices differ significantly between hematological and non-hematological disorders and among various hematological disorders. The findings highlight the potential utility of platelet indices as diagnostic and prognostic markers in these disorders. Further studies are needed to validate their clinical significance and establish their role in disease management.

Introduction: Thrombocytosis, defined as a platelet count exceeding 450,000/µL, is a common hematological finding with diverse etiologies, including reactive and clonal causes. Platelet indices, such as mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), and plateletcrit (PCT), provide insights into platelet morphology and function, aiding in the differentiation of thrombocytosis subtypes. This study aimed to evaluate the clinicopathological correlation between thrombocytosis and platelet indices in a tertiary care setting. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 200 patients with thrombocytosis over two years. Inclusion criteria included patients aged >18 years with persistent thrombocytosis, while exclusion criteria encompassed those with recent trauma, surgery, or pregnancy. Data on demographic details, clinical presentation, etiology, and platelet indices were collected and analyzed. Results: Of the 200 patients, 65% had reactive thrombocytosis, while 35% had clonal thrombocytosis. Platelet indices such as MPV and PDW were significantly higher in clonal thrombocytosis compared to reactive cases (p<0.05). Five tables were constructed to summarize the findings, including demographic distribution, etiological classification, and platelet index correlations. Conclusion: Platelet indices, particularly MPV and PDW, are valuable tools in differentiating reactive from clonal thrombocytosis. This study highlights their potential utility in clinical practice for early diagnosis and management.

Background Thrombocytopenia, defined as a platelet count below 150,000/cmm, is a frequent hematological condition with potentially life-threatening consequences. It can result from either hyperdestructive thrombocytopenia (increased platelet breakdown) or hypoproductive thrombocytopenia (decreased platelet production). Bone marrow examination is the gold standard for differentiating these causes, but it is invasive. Recent advances in automated hematology analyzers have enabled the measurement of platelet indices such as MPV (Mean Platelet Volume), PDW (Platelet Distribution Width), and P-LCR (Platelet Large Cell Ratio), which may help in distinguishing thrombocytopenia subtypes in a non-invasive manner. Methods This prospective cross-sectional study included 80 thrombocytopenic patients, classified into two groups: 49 with hypoproductive thrombocytopenia and 31 with hyperdestructive thrombocytopenia. Additionally, 20 age- and sex-matched healthy individuals served as a control group. All patients underwent clinical evaluation, CBC (Complete Blood Count) analysis using an automated hematology analyzer (Sysmex XN-1000), peripheral smear examination, and bone marrow aspiration where necessary. Platelet indices (MPV, PDW, and P-LCR) were measured and correlated with the underlying cause of thrombocytopenia. Results Statistical analysis showed significant differences in platelet indices between the two groups. Patients with hyperdestructive thrombocytopenia (e.g., Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura) had significantly higher MPV, PDW, and P-LCR compared to those with hypoproductive thrombocytopenia. ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristic) curve analysis established cutoff values for these indices, which demonstrated good sensitivity and specificity in differentiating thrombocytopenia subtypes. A strong correlation was observed between MPV and PDW in both groups. Conclusion Platelet indices, particularly MPV, PDW, and P-LCR, provide valuable insights into the etiology of thrombocytopenia. These indices can serve as reliable, cost-effective, and non-invasive alternatives to bone marrow examination for differentiating hypoproductive from hyperdestructive thrombocytopenia. Their routine use in clinical practice may improve diagnostic accuracy and patient management, reducing the need for invasive procedures

Background: Dengue fever is typically a self-limited disease with a mortality rate of less than 1% when identify early and with access to proper medical care. The rising incidence of dengue fever in India can be contributed by the rapid urbanization with unplanned construction activities and poor sanitation facilities contributing fertile breeding grounds for mosquitoes. The present study is an attempt to describe the salient clinical as well as laboratory findings of serologically confirmed hospitalized cases of dengue fever and correlate bleeding severity with platelet count and platelet volume at the time of bleeding. Materials & Methods: A Descriptive type of study on 100 patients who are going to get admitted as in patients in Santosh Medical College & Hospital, Ghaziabad with symptoms suggestive of Dengue fever such as fever, severe headache, joints pain and bleeding manifestations, shock are investigated with Dengue ELISA test. Those patients found positive for the test are included in study and informed consent is taken from all patients. Results: Our study suggested that the majority of cases were seen in 26-35 years of age group which accounted for 45 patients. Overall male to female ratio was 2.84:1. The mean age was 40 years in males and compared to females was 39 years but statistically non-significant (p=0.7124). The mean platelet count was statistically significant (P < 0.0001***) in comparison between at time of admission (71300±36858) and at the time of discharge (162070±37000). Our study showed that the raised blood urea level, serum creatinine, serum bilirubin, MPV, SGOT & SGPT was associated with higher mortality due to dengue fever. Conclusion: Present study has disclosed a varied clinical profile of dengue fever which is of important diagnostic tool. In the recent few years, the world has seen varied clinical presentation of the dengue fever in different epidemics, even in the same regions and even with the period of time.