European Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine

Research Article Open Access

Evaluate the Quality of Sleep in Pregnant Women at Tertiary Care Center

Pages 439 - 452

Abstract

Background: Pregnancy-associated physiological and hormonal changes are known to contribute to increased prevalence and severity of sleep complaints and disorders. Aims: To evaluate the quality of sleep (according to PSQI score <5 and >5) in pregnant women and fetal outcomes. Materials and methods: The current study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology on pregnant women who visited O.P.D for antenatal visits. It is a descriptive, prospective and observational type of study. The duration of study was 1 year from 1st Jul 2017 to 30th June 2018 on all pregnant women who were in their first trimester which were further followed up to post-partum period. Results: APGAR at 1min, Mild Asphyxia was observed in 48.22% cases and severe Asphyxia was observed in 2.03% cases. The cases in poor quality sleep were 67.01% in 1st trimester followed by a decrease in 2nd trimester (42.13%) than again increase (84.77%) than further decrease in Postpartum period. This finding was statistically significant (P<0.001S). Score was significantly higher in LSCS, as compared to Normal delivery (P<0.001S). Although the PSQI score was higher in preterm as compared to Term Pregnancy. It was significant at 3rd Trimester. PSQI score was higher in <2.5 kg baby weight at birth as compared to ≥2.5 kg weight baby (P<0.001S). APGAR score at one minute was normal (7-10) among 93.33% of the good sleep group. PSQI score was higher in cases with NICU admission as compared to absence of NICU Admission (P<0.001S). PSQI score was higher in cases with Prolonged labour(>20hrs) as compared to normal labour(<20 hrs) but it was observed significant at 3rd trimester (P=0.048S). Significant correlation was observed with PSQI Score at 1st , 2nd , 3 rd Trimesters and post partum period with birth weight (r=-262, poor, negative correlation). No Significant correlation was observed with PSQI Score at 1st , 2nd and 3 rd Trimesters and post partum period with age, gravida, parity, Period of gestation at the time of delivery and duration of labour. Conclusion: During the analysis, we have also found a significant relationship between poor quality of sleep with poor fetal outcomes:

Research Article Open Access

Evaluate the Quality of Sleep in Pregnant Women at Tertiary Care Center

Pages 500 - 513

Abstract

Background: Pregnancy-associated physiological and hormonal changes are known to contribute to increased prevalence and severity of sleep complaints and disorders. Aims: To evaluate the quality of sleep (according to PSQI score <5 and >5) in pregnant women and fetal outcomes. Materials and methods: The current study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology on pregnant women who visited O.P.D for antenatal visits. It is a descriptive, prospective and observational type of study. The duration of study was 1 year from 1st Jul 2017 to 30th June 2018 on all pregnant women who were in their first trimester which were further followed up to post-partum period. Results: APGAR at 1min, Mild Asphyxia was observed in 48.22% cases and severe Asphyxia was observed in 2.03% cases. The cases in poor quality sleep were 67.01% in 1st trimester followed by a decrease in 2nd trimester (42.13%) than again increase (84.77%) than further decrease in Postpartum period. This finding was statistically significant (P<0.001S). Score was significantly higher in LSCS, as compared to Normal delivery (P<0.001S). Although the PSQI score was higher in preterm as compared to Term Pregnancy. It was significant at 3rd Trimester. PSQI score was higher in <2.5 kg baby weight at birth as compared to ≥2.5 kg weight baby (P<0.001S). APGAR score at one minute was normal (7-10) among 93.33% of the good sleep group. PSQI score was higher in cases with NICU admission as compared to absence of NICU Admission (P<0.001S). PSQI score was higher in cases with Prolonged labour(>20hrs) as compared to normal labour(<20 hrs) but it was observed significant at 3rd trimester (P=0.048S). Significant correlation was observed with PSQI Score at 1st , 2nd , 3 rd Trimesters and post partum period with birth weight (r=-262, poor, negative correlation). No Significant correlation was observed with PSQI Score at 1st , 2nd and 3 rd Trimesters and post partum period with age, gravida, parity, Period of gestation at the time of delivery and duration of labour. Conclusion: During the analysis, we have also found a significant relationship between poor quality of sleep with poor fetal outcomes:

Research Article Open Access

Impact of Smartphone Addiction On Circadian Preference and Quality of Sleep Among Medical Students

Pages 1922 - 1929

Abstract

Background: Smartphone has become an integral part of our daily living. The issue of smartphone addiction is increasing worldwide, particularly among students. The study was done to assess the chronotype pattern in medical students and the association of smartphone addiction with sleep quality according to their circadian typology. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample comprising 525 medical students. Data was collected by circulating Google forms. Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire Self-assessment version (MEQ-SA), Smartphone addiction scale - Short version (SAS -SV), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Epworth Sleepiness Score (ESS) were administered to assess the chronotype, smartphone addiction, sleep quality, daytime sleepiness respectively. Results: Almost a quarter of students involved in the study could be classified as being "smartphone-addicted" (135, 25.7%) and 29.5% (n=155) had poor sleep quality. Study subjects were divided into evening chronotype (57, 10.9%) intermediate chronotype (374, 71.2 %), and morning chronotype (94, 17.9%). Smartphone addiction was associated with eveningness chronotype (p=0.001) and poor sleep quality (p=0.001). The study did not find statistical significance between chronotype and poor sleep quality. Conclusion: The results of the study showed that a significant number of medical students had smartphone addiction and suffered from poor sleep quality. Circadian typology demonstrated a significant association with smartphone addiction.

Key Message

There is a high prevalence of smartphone addiction among medical college students
Smartphone addiction is associated with poor sleep quality
Smartphone addiction is associated with evening chronotype

Research Article Open Access

A comparative analysis of ESS and PSQI: Agreement in evaluating sleep parameters.

Pages 738 - 744

Abstract

Background: Circadian rhythm is a biological and behavioral process that regulates sleep. The quantity and quality of our sleep significantly impact our day-to-day life and various health outcomes that help the body in cellular repair and fight diseases. In the modern era, sleep has become another casualty of modern life thereby making it very essential to assess and keep track of sleep quality. Sleep quality is assessed commonly using the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The comparison of concordance and discordance of ESS and PSQI is not done earlier and a thorough evaluation of their measurement results and degree of agreement is essential. Thus, the study aims to do a comparative analysis of ESS and PSQI scales and analyses their concordance in measuring sleep-related parameters. Methods: Healthcare employees working in the Parent Institute were included in this study. Subjects were given the Epworth Sleepiness Scale and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index questionnaire to assess sleep quality and a comparative analysis of both scales was done. Results: The study compares both the scales – ESS (Adequate & inadequate sleep) & PSQI (Good & poor sleep) using Kappa statistics showing an overall agreement of 74.6% with a simple kappa value of 0.49 (Fair agreement) which was statistically significant (P < 0.001). Conclusion: The study shows significantly fair concordance between the ESS and PSQI in determining sleep parameters demonstrating that they each effectively assess different facets of sleep.

Research Article Open Access

Sleep Duration and Quality among Adolescents: A Population-Based Study Assessing Mental Health Correlations

Faiyaz Jam,

Anjum Sama,

Sahil Ghanchi,

Salim Notiyar

Pages 157 - 160

Abstract

Background: Adolescents experience significant changes in sleep patterns, often leading to insufficient or poor-quality sleep. Emerging evidence suggests a strong association between sleep parameters and mental health outcomes in this age group. Understanding these relationships is critical for developing targeted mental health interventions for adolescents. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional population-based study was conducted among 800 adolescents aged 13–18 years, randomly selected from 12 schools in an urban district. Sleep duration and quality were assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Mental health status was evaluated using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Data on sociodemographic characteristics, screen time, and academic stress were also collected. Statistical analysis included Pearson correlation, independent t-tests, and multiple linear regression models to explore associations between sleep variables and mental health outcomes. Results: The mean sleep duration was 6.2 ± 1.3 hours per night, with 63.5% (n = 508) of participants reporting poor sleep quality (PSQI >5). Adolescents with poor sleep quality had significantly higher total SDQ scores (Mean = 19.8 ± 5.7) compared to those with good sleep quality (Mean = 14.3 ± 4.1; p < 0.001). A moderate negative correlation (r = –0.42, p < 0.001) was observed between sleep duration and emotional symptoms subscale scores. Regression analysis revealed that shorter sleep duration, greater screen time, and higher academic stress were significant predictors of emotional distress and peer relationship problems (adjusted R² = 0.31, p < 0.001). Conclusion: The findings indicate a high prevalence of poor sleep quality and reduced sleep duration among adolescents, both of which are significantly associated with adverse mental health outcomes. Public health programs must prioritize sleep education and lifestyle modifications to improve adolescent well-being

European Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine

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